Политические конфликты и современные методы их разрешения в правовом поле: потенциал и ограничения (И.А. Ветренко, А.А. Ковалев, журнал "Правоприменение", том 6, N 3, июль-сентябрь 2022 г.)

Ветренко И.А., Ковалев А.А. Политические конфликты и современные методы их разрешения в правовом поле: потенциал и ограничения

И.А. Ветренко - доктор политических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой социальных технологий, Северо-Западный институт управления Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации, г. Санкт-Петербург, Россия

А.А. Ковалев - кандидат политических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры государственного и муниципального управления, Северо-Западный институт управления Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации, г. Санкт-Петербург, Россия

Рассматриваются современные методы, применяемые в процессе разрешения политических конфликтов. Выявляются особенности современных политических конфликтов, с учетом которых необходимо ответственно подходить к поиску и практическому применению тех или иных методов их разрешения. Подчеркивается, что особая ответственность лежит на ядерных державах, а также на ведущих мировых государствах и международных организациях, которые создают и поддерживают стабильность и единство глобального пространства современного мира. Отмечается, что среди всех возможных методов разрешения конфликтов наиболее цивилизованными и справедливыми являются правовые методы.

Ключевые слова: конфликт, разрешение конфликтов, методы урегулирования политических конфликтов, игровое моделирование, дипломатия принуждения, цивилизационный подход, сетевой анализ, правовые методы, правовое поле

Vetrenko I.A., Kovalev A.A. Political conflicts and modern methods of their resolution in the legal field: potential and limitations

I.A. Vetrenko - Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor; Head, Department of Social Technologies North-Western Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia

A.A. Kovalev - PhD in Political Sciences, Associate Professor; Associate Professor, Department of State and Municipal Administration North-Western Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia

The article is devoted to the consideration of modern methods used in the process of resolving political conflicts. The subject of the study is conflict as a political and legal phenomenon. The purpose of the article is to consider legal methods of resolving political conflicts as the most effective and civilized ways to achieve peace.

The following scientific methods were used in the work: system, structural and network analysis, which allowed us to consider the totality of the main modern methods of resolving political conflicts, their potential and limitations. Psychological, philosophical, political and legal approaches were also applied in determining the category of "conflict" and its main characteristics.

The study reveals the features of modern political conflicts, taking into account which the need to consciously approach the search and practical application of certain methods of their resolution is formed. It is emphasized that a special responsibility lies on the nuclear Powers, as well as on the leading world states and international organizations that create and maintain stability and unity of the global space of the modern world. As the results of this study, the most optimal, effective and rational methods of resolving political conflicts were noted as the most destructive and destructive types of confrontations. Their potential and limitations are highlighted. These methods are in demand in the plane of real conflict-prone realities and do not lose relevance in the modern world. Thus, such methods of resolving political conflicts as the game method, coercive diplomacy, civi- lizational approach, socio-cultural integration, structural functionalism and the network method were identified and analyzed. Also, legal methods were considered separately, which, according to the results of the study, were recognized as the most fair and consistent for a number of reasons. Among them, negotiations, mediation, arbitration (arbitration), the method of institutionalization of political conflict, political mediation and judicial proceedings are considered. The appeal to legal methods of resolving political conflicts becomes particularly relevant during the wartime period, when the threat of the use of nuclear weapons increases and war crimes are committed.

According to the results of the study, it was concluded that legal methods of resolving political conflicts are the most effective and civilized among others. They are structured, clearly formulated in the form of regulatory legal acts, some of them can be implemented in the form of procedures with mandatory execution of the decision, are politically neutral, are carried out with the support of professionals and based on previous constructive experience.

Keywords: Conflict, conflict resolution, methods of political conflict resolution, game modeling, coercive diplomacy, civilizational approach, network analysis, legal methods, legal field