О доступной среде в муниципальных образованиях Российской Федерации (М.Ю. Дитятковский, журнал "Правоприменение", том 7, N 4, октябрь-декабрь 2023 г.)

Дитятковский М.Ю. О доступной среде в муниципальных образованиях Российской Федерации

М.Ю. Дитятковский - доктор юридических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры конституционного и муниципального права; профессор кафедры государственного и муниципального права, Московский государственный юридический университет им. О.Е. Кутафина (МГЮА), Омский государственный университет им. Ф.М. Достоевского

Рассматриваются основные вопросы, связанные с компетенцией органов местного самоуправления в сфере обеспечения доступной среды для инвалидов. Дается анализ федерального законодательства, регулирующего полномочия органов местного самоуправления в сфере обеспечения доступной среды для инвалидов, рассматриваются вопросы о сущности указанных полномочий.

Ключевые слова: Доступная среда, беспрепятственный доступ, полномочия органов местного самоуправления, полномочия собственника, инвалиды в муниципальных образованиях, права инвалидов, показатели доступности

Dityatkovsky M.Yu. Accessible environment in municipalities of the Russian Federation

M.Yu. Dityatkovsky - Doctor of Law, Associate, Professor, Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law; Professor, Department of State and Municipal Law, Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Dostoevsky Omsk State University

The subject. This article discusses the main issues related to the competence of local governments in the field of providing an accessible environment for the disabled.

Methodology. The paper analyzes the federal legislation regulating the powers of local selfgovernment bodies in the field of providing an accessible environment for the disabled, and discusses the essence of these powers.

Main results, scope of application. The powers of local self-government bodies in the field of providing an accessible environment for the disabled should be considered, first of all, as the powers of the owner.

At the same time, the powers of the owner are not the only powers of local governments in this area. Local self-government bodies participate in activities to ensure that disabled people living on the territory of the relevant municipalities have equal opportunities with other citizens in the exercise of their rights and freedoms provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Based on this, local self-government bodies should participate in providing an accessible environment for disabled people not only on municipal property, but also on the territory of the municipality as a whole, together with state authorities and organizations.

The second group of powers of local self-government bodies in the field of providing an accessible environment for the disabled can include: (1) the powers of local self-government bodies, which are implemented by them when granting local self-government bodies separate state powers in the field of providing an accessible environment for the disabled; (2) the powers of local self-government bodies, which are implemented by them jointly with the state authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation at the expense of subsidies from the regional budget as part of the implementation of measures of the state programs of the subjects of the Russian Federation on the accessible environment; (3) the powers of local self-government bodies to participate, together with public organizations of disabled people, in the work on certification of priority facilities and services in priority areas of life of disabled people and other low-mobility groups of the population, carried out by state authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation.

Conclusions. When considering the issue of the essence of the powers of local self-government bodies in the field of providing an accessible environment for the disabled, based on the analysis of the practice of the Russian Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court, it was revealed that by their nature these powers, as a rule, are neither separate state powers transferred to local self-government bodies for implementation, nor their own powers of local self-government bodies to address issues of local importance.

Keywords: Accessible environment, unhindered access, powers of local self-government bodies, powers of the owner, disabled people in municipalities, rights of disabled people, accessibility indicators